Selmarecife: My Semi-arid

Posted by: selmarecife.

The Semi-arid Northeast, has as main feature the frequent droughts that are both characterized by a lack, scarcity, high spatial and temporal variability of rainfall. Not uncommonly, the succession of consecutive years of drought. The characteristics of the environment strongly affect the regional society, surviving mainly on economic activities primarily related to agriculture and livestock. These take place always looking for the best use of unfavorable natural conditions, although supported by technical basis fragile, using in most cases, traditional technologies. Although urbanization has occurred in recent years, the main occupation of the workforce is agricultural. The land ownership is highly concentrated, although large numbers of small businesses or family production units. Geoenvironmental beyond the vulnerabilities of the Semi-arid climate, much of the soil is degraded. Water resources are heading for failure, or have high levels of pollution. The flora and fauna have suffered predation of man. And the fragile regional ecosystems are not being protected, threatening the survival of many plant and species and creating risks to human occupation, including the associated processes, ongoing desertification. Characterization of semi-arid region • average annual rainfall 800 mm or less; • Heat stroke average of 2,800 h / year; • average annual temperatures from 23 to 27 C; • Rainfall marked by irregularity (space / time); • Domain Caatinga ecosystem (diversity); • Land, mostly, sandy clay - poor in MO; • Lens - dominant substrate; • Limitations rainfall and low soil retention = temporary rivers; • Groundwater - or crystalline sedimentary basins, sedimentary basins - good flow and quality; • 57.53% of the NE and 40, 54% of the population of NE; • 21.6% of GDP in the NE. Key features of the current reality • Poverty, density, diversity; • Cattle, cotton, food crops; • Family farm; • Urbanization / retention, free economy; • Scarce supply for humans. Major challenges ahead • Demographic (12.4 inhabitants / km ² in 70 and 21.6 in 2000); • Environment (diversity, extraction, desertification); • Water Scarcity (Access, demand> supply); • Economic (urban transition, agriculture); • Institutional (coordination); • Education; • Socio-cultural and political.